Civicidea

საქმოქალაქო ორგანიზაციების ერთობლივი განცხადება

Georgia’s Anti-Corruption Bureau: Weaponized to Suffocate Civil Society, Blind to Rampant Graft

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While “Georgian Dream” continues to entrench its control over Georgia’s public institutions and state resources, the country’s anti-corruption mechanisms are being repurposed not to hold those in power accountable, but to target independent civil society organizations in Georgia.

Independent monitoring reveals that since 2013, companies linked to “Georgian Dream’s” officials and the party’s founder, Bidzina Ivanishvili, have secured over 3.28 billion GEL in state tenders. Of this, 1.028 billion GEL was allocated to companies connected to donors of the ruling party between 2020 and 2024, with their donations totaling 7.7 million GEL.

Corrupt activities related to state tenders are multifaceted and include non-competitive procurements and simplified tenders, which favor companies closely associated with the ruling party. Additionally, employment programs that are formally intended to support vulnerable citizens often redirect public funds to further the party’s narrow interests, financing informal networks of party affiliates. It is also notable that public officials are involved in opaque property transactions, with many cases of undeclared property. Between 2024 and 2025, over 34 million GEL worth of property, including cash and real estate, was transferred to officials. These transactions are formally recorded as gifts, but in practice, they function as an alternative form of corruption aimed at maintaining political loyalty and distributing influence. However, these matters are not reflected in the Anti-Corruption Bureau’s 2023-2024 reports, despite the Bureau’s legal mandate to monitor officials’ asset declarations and respond to suspicious transactions.

The Bureau’s reports are formal and fail to document any instances of elite corruption, conflicts of interest, or specific property transaction evaluations. This demonstrates that the Bureau is not fulfilling its preventive or oversight functions, but rather serving political purposes of retaliation.

As a result, while “Georgian Dream” publicly claims to fight corruption, in practice, state resources are being seized by the political elite and businesses linked to the party, enriching themselves at the cost of transparency, fair competition, and public accountability.

At the same time, the State Anti-Corruption Bureau is being used as a tool to persecute independent civil society organizations. The Bureau has compelled these organizations to provide extensive data, including personal information and retroactive details from 2024 onward, which represents an unprecedented intrusion into the autonomy of civil society.

On September 4, 2025, the Bureau began “monitoring” over 80 non-governmental organizations under controversial amendments made to the “Law on Grants” earlier this year in April. These amendments contradict the freedom of association guaranteed by the Constitution of Georgia and disproportionately target organizations working on human rights and democratic accountability.

These actions reflect a growing trend in which the captured state apparatus seeks to restrict civil sector activities while corrupt government representatives remain untouchable. Control becomes repression, disguised as justice. When accountability is only applied to civil society, not to the powerful and corrupt, it becomes repression masked as oversight, stifling civic freedoms and limiting civil society’s ability to monitor, speak out, and hold power accountable – a direct threat to Georgia’s democratic future.

The dual reality is clear: while high-ranking officials of the “Georgian Dream” and businesses associated with them are embroiled in corruption, the oversight mechanisms created by the “Georgian Dream” are being used against the very organizations that seek to expose this corruption. This cannot be construed as anti-corruption policy. Instead, it is a protection racket for corruption, one that persecutes the independent civil sector fighting to expose them.

Signitories:

  1. Europe Foundation

  2. Georgian Young Lawyers’ Association 

  3. Transparency International – Georgia

  4. Human Rights Development Foundation

  5. Women of Georgia

  6. Civic Idea

  7. Equality Movement

  8. Prevention for Progress

  9. Women’s Initiatives Supporting Group

  10. Human Rights Center (HRC)

  11. Institute for Tolerance and Diversity (TDI)

  12. Georgia’s Future Academy

  13. Free Journalists’ House

  14. Support and Opportunity Development Center

  15. Democratic Meskhetian Union

  16. Georgia Regional Empowerment Fund

  17. Georgian Media Group

  18. Green Sector

  19. Civil Movement for Freedom

  20. Democracy Research Institute

  21. Rights Georgia

  22. Georgian Association Psycho Social Aid Ndoba 

  23. Partnership for Human Rights

  24. GRLZWAVE

  25. Media Center Kakheti

  26. Association “Social Umbrella”

  27. Green Alternative

  28. Center for Engagement and Development

  29. Batumi Independent Living Center

  30. The Georgian Centre for Psychosocial and Medical Rehabilitation of Torture Victims – GCRT

  31. Meeting Place – Dmanisi

  32. Young Feminists

  33. Media Institute

  34. Racha Community Organization

  35. Georgian Democracy Initiative (GDI)

  36. Gori Photographer Club/Art House

  37. Georgia’s European Orbit 

  38. Civic Integration Foundation 

  39. Center for Support and Empowerment  

  40. EuroClub Kvareli 

  41. Profesio – Personal and Professional Development Center

  42. Lomeki

  43. Economic Policy Research Center (EPRC)

  44. Media Development Foundation (MDF)

  45. Institute for Development of Freedom of Information (IDFI)

  46. Community Found LELI

  47. Leliani Adult Educational Center

  48. Civil Society Foundation 

  49. Center for Strategic Research and Development of Georgia

  50. Europe-Georgia Institute (EGI)

  51. Independent Trade Union of Public Servants – Constitution Article 78

  52. Tetritskaro Youth Center

  53. Caucasus Open Space

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China’s third aircraft carrier, the Fujian, enters service

Newswire, ერთი ახალი ამბავი / /

China’s latest and most capable aircraft carrier, the Fujian, has officially entered into service, marking a significant step forward for Beijing in solidifying its position among global naval powers and catching up with the United States in terms of naval supremacy. The Fujian is China’s third and most advanced vessel, equipped with electromagnetic catapults (EMALS). This innovative technology allows planes to take off with heavier weapon and fuel loads, so they can strike enemy targets at greater distances, making it more powerful than China’s first two Russian-designed carriers, the Liaoning and the Shandong.

The Fujian entered service on Wednesday in Hainan province at a grand ceremony, which is considered the greatest achievement of China’s military modernization. This event makes China the second country in the world, after the US, to operate an aircraft carrier equipped with EMALS technology. It is also the world’s largest conventionally powered warship, underscoring China’s engineering achievements.

President Xi Jinping personally attended the commissioning and flag-presenting ceremony at a military port in Sanya. Xi Jinping inspected the vessel and was informed about its capabilities and performance data. According to state media, Xi Jinping personally made the decision to adopt the electromagnetic catapult technology.

According to Zhang Junshe, a Chinese military expert, the transfer of Fujian to the naval fleet conditions the shift of the PLA Navy forces from coastal defense to far seas defense, with which China officially enters the era of three aircraft carriers. According to him, this step grants the fleet several key advantages. First of all, aircraft can take off with full fuel and ammunition, which increases the combat radius. In addition, the frequency of aircraft launch from the carrier significantly increases. Experts suggest that Fujian and Shandong may be deployed in the same port facing the South China Sea. This will facilitate the creation of a dual-carrier group and strategically deter the forces advocating for “Taiwan independence.” 

Although China has the world’s largest navy in terms of the number of ships, and the Fujian, with a mass of 80,000 tons, is the closest thing afloat to the US Navy’s Nimitz-class carriers, analysts say it still has a difficult path ahead before achieving full operational readiness. Because it is conventionally fueled (diesel-powered), the Fujian has a limited operating range, unlike the nuclear-powered carriers of the US. Experts estimate that due to the configuration of the flight deck, its air operations rate may only be 60% compared to what a 50-year-old US aircraft carrier achieves. China is already building a fourth carrier, which is expected to be nuclear-powered and also employ EMALS technology.

Author: Mariam Macharashvili

 

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Statement by the Chinese Ambassador to the U.S. Regarding Taiwan

Newswire, ერთი ახალი ამბავი / /

Following the meeting between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping, China once again reaffirmed the importance of its “red lines,” which it deems unacceptable for the United States and other countries to cross.

During a virtual meeting held in Shanghai that brought together American and Chinese business representatives, China’s ambassador discussed four key “red lines” — Taiwan, democracy and human rights, political path and system choice, and the right to development — which China firmly expects its partner countries to respect. The ambassador stated: “We hope that the United States will avoid crossing these red lines and thereby prevent the emergence of problems.”

The ambassador emphasized the ongoing negotiations between China and the United States, noting that the process requires “mutual respect for each other’s core interests.”

These four “red lines” have long been considered highly sensitive issues for China. Consequently, Washington’s unofficial relations with Taipei remain a major source of tension in U.S.–China relations. Moreover, periodic U.S. criticism of human rights violations in China further intensifies the strain between the two countries.

Despite the tensions, Donald Trump stated that the issue of Taiwan was not discussed during the October 30 meeting. However, following the meeting between Xi Jinping and Trump, China made it clear that respect for and adherence to its “red lines” remain essential conditions for maintaining stable bilateral relations.

Author: Keti Abuladze

Statement by the Chinese Ambassador to the U.S. Regarding Taiwan Read More »

Netherlands–China Chip Dispute

Newswire / /

In September 2024, the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs seized control of the Dutch-based chipmaker, which in 2018 was purchased by partially state-owned Chinese electronics company – Wingtech Technology. The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs invoked the Goods Availability Act and explained that Nexperia’s governance and serious shortcomings “posed a threat to the continuity and safeguarding on Dutch and European soil of crucial technological knowledge and capabilities”.

According to the Dutch government, its control over Nexperia means that “company decisions may be blocked or reversed by the Minister of Economic Affairs if they are (potentially) harmful to the interests of the company, to its future as a Dutch and European enterprise, and/or to the preservation of this critical value chain for Europe.”

When talking about Nexperia and its parent company Wingtech Technology, it is noteworthy to mention that last year the U.S Commerce Department included Wingtech on its “entity list”, which is a list of companies perceived as entities that might pose a risk to national security and are therefore subject to export controls. In addition, in 2023, the British government didn’t allow Nexperia to buy a Wales-based chipmaker factory again due to national security concerns. All this reflects general geopolitical tensions between China and the West concerning advanced technologies like computer chips.

Back in 2024, after the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs seized control of Nexperia, Wingtech published a social media post that criticized the ministry’s decisions and said that the company itself “firmly opposes the politicization of commercial matters” and  “an excessive intervention based on geopolitical bias rather than a fact-based risk assessment based on the unfounded pretext of national security.” In addition, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Lin Jian also commented that “relevant countries should genuinely uphold market principles and avoid politicizing economic and trade issues.”

China’s direct response was to block the re-export of Nexperia chips completed in its Chinese factories to Europe. Besides, according to Nexperia’s Chinese-based factory, the Dutch-based factory stopped supplying wafers to its Chinese factory, which further complicated the situation and made it harder to produce finished semiconductors. All this caused serious concerns among European carmakers, since these chips are crucial for building cars.

It’s important to note that approximately 70% of Nexperia chips made in Europe are sent to China to be completed and re-exported to other countries. Last month, the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) said that if the Chinese ban was not lifted, Nexperia chip supplies would run out in weeks. Additionally, companies like Volvo Cars and Volkswagen warned that this shortage could lead to temporary shutdowns of their factories.

This week, China’s Commerce Ministry said in a statement that “the Netherlands should bear full responsibility” because its actions “have created turmoil and chaos in the global semiconductor supply chain”.

According to the White House, the topic of chips was also discussed during the meeting between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping in South Korea last week. Beijing has said that it will relax its export ban on automotive computer chips as part of a future trade deal between the U.S and China.

Netherlands–China Chip Dispute Read More »

China is accused of violating a British university’s academic freedom

Newswire, ერთი ახალი ამბავი / /

China is attempting to paralyse the research of Professor Laura Murphy at the UK’s Sheffield Hallam University. The research focuses on the forced labour of Uyghur Muslims (a Turkic-speaking Muslim ethnic minority in China’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region) in China’s northwestern Xinjiang region.

The practice of pressure from the Chinese side has been ongoing for two years, including contacts with individual university staff members by individuals who identified themselves as representatives of China’s national security service. A significant fact is that access to the university’s website was also blocked from China.

The United Kingdom views this issue not only as a serious violation of human rights but has also classified the events as a breach of state sovereignty and national interest. Despite this, the university suspended the research after two years of pressure.

The role of the university administration itself is also a critical factor, as its directives prevented Professor Murphy from continuing her research process on the forced labour of Muslims. The professor initiated legal action against the university, citing the violation of her individual academic freedom.

“The university administration directly negotiated with a foreign intelligence service. They traded the professor’s academic freedom for the renewal of website access,” stated Professor Murphy.

It is important to note that many Chinese students continued their studies at the university, and naturally, this process was halted after the website access was restricted.

The Chinese Embassy in London informed the BBC that “the Helena Kennedy Centre at Sheffield Hallam University published a report containing false information on Xinjiang.” The Embassy further alleged that “some authors of these reports were found to have received funding from US agencies.” Professor Murphy, speaking to the BBC, confirmed she received funding from the US National Endowment for the Humanities, which was intended to produce an autobiographical account from individuals involved in forced labour.

The pressure reached an active phase in 2024. On April 18, 2024, “three officers from the national security service” visited the Sheffield Hallam office in China. A two-hour interrogation ensued regarding the future and current research of the Helena Kennedy Centre for International Justice (HKC), as Professor Murphy was conducting her research under the HKC’s auspices.

This came after the Centre published a December 2023 study exposing the exploitation of individuals in the garment manufacturing and supply process in the Xinjiang region. The report named the Hong Kong-based company Smart Shirts Ltd, which subsequently filed a libel lawsuit against the university. The London High Court issued a preliminary finding that the report indeed contained financially damaging content for the company, though the validity of the underlying information was not questioned. Professor Murphy’s reputation is globally significant. Her research was highly regarded by the UK, Canada, and Australia parliaments, and often served as a basis for policy recommendations. In 2023, Murphy worked at the US Department of Homeland Security, participating in the implementation of the Uyghur Forced Labour Prevention Act. She has consistently focused on researching forced labour practices throughout these years.

During her absence, Sheffield Hallam University decided in August 2024 to discontinue the research project on forced labour, despite the project still being externally funded. Murphy was informed of this decision upon her return. The university validated its decision by citing pressure from security services, arguing that the safety of staff members in both the UK and China was at risk. To resolve the issue, it is vital to consider the valid arguments of both sides. The Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 mandates universities to protect the academic freedom of students and professors, which primarily includes freedom of speech.

For Murphy, the university traded her personal freedom for commercial interests. However, university representatives stated that Chinese students were never a primary market for Sheffield Hallam, as only 73 students from China were recorded in the 2024–2025 academic year. Meanwhile, the Chinese Embassy noted that over 200,000 Chinese students study in the UK. Baroness Helena Kennedy, who is herself sanctioned by China over her Xinjiang statements, observed that due to financial crises, British universities have become dependent on the revenue from Chinese students, making them vulnerable to Chinese pressure.

Author: Mariam Arabashvili 

China is accused of violating a British university’s academic freedom Read More »

Weekly Digest: China in the South Caucasus and Tajikistan (27.10-02.11)

Weekly news / /

Georgia

Georgia-China Rail Cooperation Meeting in Zhuzhou

22 October

In October 2025, the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Georgia to the People’s Republic of China, Paata Kalandadze, held a meeting with the Vice Mayor of Zhuzhou Municipality, Hua Yang.

The meeting addressed possibilities for deepening the ongoing cooperation in the railway sector between Georgia and China. The parties also agreed to continue working in this direction.

It is noteworthy that the city of Zhuzhou is known as “China’s Locomotive Capital.” CRRC ZELC (the Zhuzhou locomotive manufacturing company) has been actively involved in global exports since 1997. Significant partners include Singapore, Malaysia, Macedonia, Türkiye, the Czech Republic, Germany, South Africa, etc.

Essay Contest: 'My Story with China' in Georgia

30 October

The Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in Georgia organized the essay contest “My Story with China” (《我和中国的故事》).

The Embassy published the list of winners, which includes representatives from various sectors and professions. Notably, the First Place was awarded to a TV presenter from the television company “Imedi.”

Position of the Georgia China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification on Taiwan

The Georgia Alliances for the Promotion of Peaceful Reunification of China has issued an extensive statement regarding the unification of Taiwan with China.

“Taiwan Restoration Day” was designated in 2025 as the anniversary of Taiwan’s restoration on October 25. According to the statement, unification is a historical and legal fact that is inevitable and represents the demand of the Chinese nation. The organization strictly condemns attempts at “Taiwan independence” and interference by external forces.

Azerbaijan

Baku Engineering University and Tsinghua University Define Cooperation Areas

27 October

Negotiations were held between Baku Engineering University and China’s Tsinghua University to define the future directions of cooperation.

During the meeting, the parties discussed cooperation opportunities in the areas of scientific-research initiatives, academic exchange programs, and joint educational projects.

Furthermore, the parties reviewed the results achieved in the period following the cooperation negotiations held between the universities in July of this year.

Establishment of a Joint Research Center for Green Energy Development Discussed Between Azerbaijan and China

27 October

A meeting was held between the Minister of Energy, Parviz Shahbazov, and the delegation of China Energy Engineering Corporation Limited.

During the meeting, the issue of implementing projects in the energy sector between the Ministry and the company was discussed. Specifically, it was noted that joint initiatives with China Energy Engineering Corporation Limited in the field of renewable energy in Azerbaijan will contribute to the development of the sector. In this regard, the importance of the research conducted jointly with the China Electric Power Planning and Engineering Institute (EPPEI) to define the potential for integrating new capacities into the electric grid was emphasized. Furthermore, the parties focused on the necessity of establishing a “Joint Research Center for Green Energy Development.”

The Ministry praised the company’s activities in Bilasuvar and Neftchala, specifically the construction of a 760 MW solar power plant by the company and its provision of equipment.

Azerbaijan and China Agree on Increasing Cargo Transportation via the Middle Corridor

27 October

The President of “Azerbaijan Railways,” Rovshan Rustamov, met with a delegation from the People’s Republic of China, led by the Mayor of Xi’an city, Ye Niuping.

During the meeting, it was noted that Azerbaijan Railways and Xi’an Port in China are cooperating closely to expand the capabilities of the Middle Corridor and increase cargo flow. To strengthen this cooperation, a representative of Azerbaijan Railways has been appointed at Xi’an Port. Additionally, the representative was granted access to Xi’an Port’s operational system.

The meeting highlighted that, over a period of 9 months this year, Azerbaijan Railways received 113 transit trains. This indicates a 39% increase compared to the same period last year. Similarly, cargo turnover increased by 20% compared to the previous year.

Within the framework of the meeting, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between Azerbaijan Railways and Xi’an Port in China. The Memorandum provides for the creation of a favorable environment for international cargo transportation, the improvement of service quality through digitalization, and the expansion of the Middle Corridor’s multimodal transport links within the “Belt and Road” Initiative

Scientific Seminar Held at Baku Engineering University with the Participation of Chinese PhD Students

28 October

A delegation of 32 PhD students and faculty members from the People’s Republic of China visited Azerbaijan within the framework of the double degree program between Baku Engineering University (BEU) and Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT).

Within the scope of the delegation’s visit, a scientific seminar was held on “The Impact of Engineering on Sustainable Development Goals.” The seminar was attended by representatives of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences and researchers from other universities.

The Rector of Baku Engineering University, Yagub Piriyev, expressed satisfaction with the success of the cooperation established with Beijing University of Chemical Technology this year and the first double degree program created at the bachelor’s level.

During the event, Professor Yu Yue from the International Education Department at Beijing University of Chemical Technology discussed the university’s research areas and double degree programs. Additionally, video interviews with Azerbaijani students currently studying in China through the BEU and BUCT double degree programs were shown at the meeting.

Azerbaijan University of Languages Represented at an International Conference Held in China

28 October

Rafig Abbasov, the Director of the Confucius Institute at the Azerbaijan University of Languages (AUL), attended the “23rd Conference on International Exchange of Professionals,” which was held in Shanghai.

The conference was supported by China’s Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Shanghai Municipality. The main organizers of the event were Beijing International Studies University and the China Consortium for Regional Studies. The conference discussed the role of artificial intelligence in developing cross-cultural education, the training of personnel for intercultural education systems, trends in the development of education in the information society, and other topics.

Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction Represented at an International Conference Held in China

28 October

A delegation from the Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction (AUAC) participated in the International Scientific Conference on the theme of “Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence,” organized by China’s Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Shanghai Municipality.

The Azerbaijani university delegation attended the conference at the invitation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Within the framework of the conference, the Rector of the Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Gulchohra Mammadova, spoke about the importance of content quality, multidisciplinary cooperation, and scientific ties between universities for the development of international scientific journals.

Subsequently, on October 30, representatives of the Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction visited Shanghai Jiao Tong University. During the meeting, the parties discussed issues related to expanding academic cooperation between the universities, developing joint educational programs, and implementing bilateral scientific projects.

Issue of Establishing Direct Air Links Between Baku and Xi'an Discussed

29 october

The Minister of Digital Development and Transport, Rashad Nabiyev, met with the Mayor of the Chinese city of Xi’an, Ye Niuping.

During the meeting, the parties discussed the prospects for cooperation in establishing air links between the cities, as well as in the fields of artificial intelligence, digitalization, and other areas.

At the end of the meeting, the parties agreed to establish a working group to address the discussed topics.

Cooperation Prospects Between Higher Education Institutions of Azerbaijan and China Discussed

29 October

Lu Mei, the Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China to Georgia, visited the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

During the meeting, the Rector of the Academy, Orkhan Alakbarov, spoke about the friendship between Azerbaijan and China and the importance of education in the development of bilateral cooperation.

At the meeting, the parties discussed the prospects for cooperation between the higher education institutions of the two countries.

Tourism Ties Between Azerbaijan and China Discussed

29 October

The Chairman of the State Tourism Agency, Fuad Naghiyev, met with the Ambassador of China to Azerbaijan, Lu Mei.

During the meeting, Fuad Naghiyev spoke about the dynamics of the development of bilateral tourist ties and the positive consequences of the abolition of visa restrictions.

The Chairman of the Agency also noted that work is underway to open a local branch of the Azerbaijan Tourism Board in China.

For his part, the Chinese Ambassador noted that Azerbaijan’s rich tourism potential attracts the attention of Chinese tourists and that tourism represents one of the growing cooperation areas between the countries. The Ambassador stated that China is interested in investment opportunities in Azerbaijan’s tourism sector and participation in potential projects within the sector.

It is worth noting that three flights are operated weekly on the Baku-Beijing route, and five flights on the Baku-Urumqi route. In 2024, the number of visitors arriving in Azerbaijan from China reached 44,798, which indicates a 94% increase compared to the previous year.

Confucius Institute Branch Opens at Baku Youth Center

30 October

A ceremony was held at the Baku Youth Center for the opening of a branch of the Confucius Institute, which operates at the Azerbaijan University of Languages. The event was organized with the support of the Ministry of Youth and Sport of Azerbaijan and the Embassy of China in Azerbaijan.

The opening ceremony was attended by the Minister of Youth and Sport, Farid Gayibov, the Ambassador of China to Azerbaijan, Lu Mei, and the Director of the Youth Center, Nargiz Babayeva.

Within the framework of the event, the Director of the Baku Youth Center, Nargiz Babayeva, the Director of the Confucius Institute on the Azerbaijani side, Rafik Abbasov, and the Director of the Institute on the Chinese side, Li Jihua, signed a cooperation agreement. The agreement provides for the expansion of exchanges in the fields of education, culture, and language, as well as joint projects and programs, between the youth of Azerbaijan and China.

Baku State University Cooperates with Chinese Universities

30 October

A delegation from Beijing University of Chemical Technology of the People’s Republic of China visited Baku State University.

During the meeting, the prospects for developing scientific and academic cooperation between the two educational institutions were discussed.

Cooperation Opportunities with Beijing University of Chemical Technology Discussed at the Institute of Physics

31 October

A meeting was held between the Institute of Physics of the Ministry of Science and Education of Azerbaijan and Beijing University of Chemical Technology of China to discuss cooperation prospects.

During the meeting, the parties discussed the implementation of joint projects in the fields of science, education, and innovation, the realization of bilateral exchanges, and the creation of exchange programs for young scientists.

Meeting of the State Oil Fund of Azerbaijan with CEEC International

31  October

Rovshan Javadov, Deputy Executive Director of the State Oil Fund of Azerbaijan (SOFAZ), met with representatives of the Chinese company, China Energy International Group Co., Ltd./”CEEC International.”

The parties discussed the deepening of bilateral cooperation, the identification of investment opportunities, and the mechanisms of cooperation within the framework of the Memorandum of Understanding signed between SOFAZ and CEEC International on September 8, 2025.

Beijing Foreign Studies University in Azerbaijan

1 November

The Vice-Rector of Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU), Gao Kangyin, spoke about the current dynamic of cooperation between the universities of the two countries in an interview with the Azerbaijan State News Agency.

The Vice-Rector noted that the visit of his university’s delegation to Azerbaijan marks the beginning of a new stage of cooperation between the countries in the areas of education and science.

During the visit, the BFSU delegation met with representatives of Baku State University, the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Azerbaijan State University of Economics, the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, and Khazar University. Moreover, a number of Memoranda of Understanding were signed during the meetings.

As part of the visit, the representatives of the Chinese side met with the Vice-President of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, Leyla Aliyeva, the Executive Director, Anar Alakbarov, and the Chair of the National Assembly (Milli Majlis) of Azerbaijan, Sahiba Gafarova. A Memorandum of Understanding was signed between the parties.

In addition, Beijing Foreign Studies University signed Memoranda of Understanding with the Azerbaijan State University of Economics and the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences.

Armenia

Chinese Ambassador to Armenia Li Xinwei visited Yerevan Mayor Tigran Avinyan

Ambassador Li highly appreciated Yerevan’s interaction with Chinese sister cities, noting that interregional cooperation is an important part of bilateral relations. He stressed that the parties can continue to reveal the potential of cooperation in the trade, economic, cultural, and tourism spheres, thereby enriching the content of the Chinese-Armenian strategic partnership.

Mr. Avinyan expressed his gratitude to the Chinese side for its assistance in improving the welfare of the local population, highly appreciated China’s achievements in the field of modernization of urban management, and expressed his readiness to study and adopt advanced Chinese experience. He noted that this will contribute to a deeper and more practical development of cooperation between cities and the strengthening of the people’s basis of friendship between the two countries.

Tajikistan

Somon Air and China’s Shanghai Haizhu Sign Cooperation Memorandum on Aviation Infrastructure

In Dushanbe, Somon Air and the Chinese company Shanghai Haizhu Engineering & Design Group Co., Ltd. (HIZ)  signed a memorandum of understanding aimed at enhancing Tajikistan’s aviation infrastructure.

During the meeting, both sides explored opportunities for cooperation in the design and modernization of airport facilities across the country. A key focus of the talks was the construction of a new aircraft maintenance hangar, with the memorandum outlining plans to prepare a feasibility study for the project.

Founded in 2001, HIZ is recognized among China’s top 10 airport construction companies, with extensive experience in large-scale aviation infrastructure projects. The partnership is expected to expand Tajikistan’s technical aviation capabilities and strengthen the country’s capacity for aircraft maintenance and servicing.

Weekly Digest: China in the South Caucasus and Tajikistan (27.10-02.11) Read More »

Taiwan Rejects China’s “One Country, Two Systems” Offer

Newswire, ერთი ახალი ამბავი / /

Taiwan will not accept China’s proposal to reunify under the “one country, two systems” model and is prepared to defend its freedom and democracy, President Lai Ching-te declared on October 31, firmly rejecting Beijing’s latest attempt to bring the island under its control.

Earlier this week, China stated that it “does not rule out the use of force” against Taiwan – a remark that stands in stark contrast to the more conciliatory tone in recent state media reports, which had emphasized promises of “peaceful governance” similar to arrangements in Hong Kong and Macau.

Speaking at a military base in Hukou, President Lai addressed troops amid this politically tense backdrop, stressing that “true and lasting peace can only be secured through strength and defense readiness.”

“We must uphold the status quo with dignity and determination, firmly oppose annexation, aggression, and forced unification,” Lai said. He announced that Taiwan plans to raise defense spending to 5% of GDP by 2030 in order to strengthen its security amid China’s growing military threat.

Defending this strategy, Lai underlined that “the Taiwanese people’s protection of sovereignty and democratic way of life should not be seen as a provocation. Investing in national defense means investing in peace.” Beijing’s Taiwan Affairs Office has not yet commented on the president’s remarks.

Lai’s visit to Hukou coincided with a ceremony marking the delivery of a new battalion of M1A2T Abrams tanks, manufactured by U.S. defense company General Dynamics Land Systems. So far, Taiwan has received 80 out of 108 ordered tanks – a sign that the island remains a focal point in the intensifying U.S.-China rivalry, a confrontation that increasingly transcends regional boundaries and carries global implications.

Meanwhile, at the recent U.S.-China summit in Busan, the issue of Taiwan was conspicuously absent from public discussion. Neither Xi Jinping nor Donald Trump mentioned the topic, which may suggest a temporary, pragmatic understanding aimed at easing tensions. Yet, as Washington continues to bolster Taiwan’s defense capabilities and Beijing refuses to renounce the use of force, this diplomatic silence appears more like a strategic pause than a sign of genuine reconciliation.

Taiwan Rejects China’s “One Country, Two Systems” Offer Read More »

China in the South Caucasus and Uzbekistan (October 20-26)

Weekly news / /
Georgia

Tbilisi Silk Road Forum 2025: A Strategic Analysis of China’s Growing Influence

October 22/23

The Fifth International Silk Road Forum was held in Tbilisi on October 22-23, 2025. The event, attended by delegates from over 70 countries, including representatives from the UN, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and other major international organizations, once again confirmed its evolution into a critical instrument for regional and global cooperation.

The main slogan of this year’s forum was “Invest in Connectivity – Grow in Stability.” The emphasis on “stability” is a significant political strategy, as the sanctions imposed on Russia in 2022 have substantially altered transport configurations in Europe and Eurasia. This has led to an increase in Georgia’s role in trans-Eurasian trade. The forum discussed trends in global trade, transport, digital technologies, and investments.

The forum is the culmination of targeted bilateral connections achieved over a decade. Since 2015, when the first forum was held, organized by the governments of Georgia and China, Georgia has strategically positioned itself towards China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Georgia was one of the first countries to sign a Memorandum of Cooperation with the BRI.

China’s interest in strengthening regional connections was evident. The forum was attended by the Vice President of the Asian Development Bank, Yingming Yang, a former high-ranking official of the Chinese Ministry of Finance, who opened the panel on the economic prospects of the Middle Corridor.

While the Tbilisi Silk Road Forum successfully establishes Georgia as a central player, it increases its dependence on China. Experts note that the chosen strategic path, defined by the 2023 strategic partnership and the Anaklia project, indicates that in order to achieve short-term financial benefits, Georgia is somewhat neglecting long-term Euro-Atlantic security priorities. Thus, Georgia’s integration into the BRI encompasses both economic opportunities and a risky geopolitical environment.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Georgia met with the Ambassador of China, Zhou Qian

October 24

On October 24, 2025, Georgian Minister of Foreign Affairs Maka Bochorishvili met with Zhou Qian, Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China to Georgia. During the meeting, the parties discussed bilateral cooperation between Georgia and China. Special attention was given to:

  • The importance of visa-free travel and direct flights, which facilitates people-to-people and business contacts.
  • Georgia’s participation in the 8th China International Import Expo, scheduled to take place in Shanghai from November 5–10. It was noted that this platform provides Georgian exporters with an opportunity to expand their presence in the Chinese market. Since 2018, over 120 Georgian companies have participated, and this year, more than 40 leading Georgian companies will be represented across three pavilions.
  • Strengthening cooperation under the Middle Corridor project and the Belt and Road Initiative, which contributes to regional and global peace, stability, and development.
  • Bilateral collaboration in civil aviation and tourism, including the significance of establishing new routes and increasing flight frequencies to deepen economic ties.

The meeting concluded with a reaffirmation that both sides are committed to further deepening the strategic partnership, promoting economic activities, and expanding cooperation across the economy, tourism, education, and cultural sectors.

Chinese Ambassador Discusses Georgia's Global Role in Tengiz Malania’s Film

October 27

On October 27, 2025, the Chinese Ambassador to Georgia, Zhou Qian, was invited to participate in the filming of the documentary by Georgian director Tengiz Malania, “Culture Saves the World” 《文化拯救世界》.

The documentary “Culture Saves the World”, produced with the support of the Ministry of Culture of Georgia and the Film Academy, aims to highlight Georgia’s role in promoting regional and global peace.

According to the ambassador, the spirit of the Silk Road is based on peaceful cooperation, openness, and mutual benefit. This route is not only an economic corridor but also a bridge for friendship and cultural exchange.

The ambassador emphasized President Xi Jinping’s global civilizational initiative, which calls for respect for the diversity of world civilizations, equality, and dialogue. According to Zhou Qian, the Silk Road is a practical expression of these principles.

Chinese Ambassador's Visit to Caucasus University

October 23

On October 23, the Caucasus University was visited by H.E. Zhou Qian, Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China, who held a meeting with the university’s President, Kakha Shengelia, Vice-President for Internationalization, Irena Melua, and Director of the International Relations Department, Ketevan Karbaya.

During the meeting, the cooperation between Caucasus University and leading Chinese higher education institutions was discussed, including student exchange programs, short-term programs for both Georgian and Chinese students, as well as joint research projects.

Notably, Caucasus University actively collaborates with China, including through the 2020 memorandum of understanding signed with Sichuan Tourism University, which encompasses exchange programs for students and faculty as well as dual-degree programs. Last year, Caucasus University students had the opportunity to participate in the international summer camp organized by Sias University in China.

Through this multifaceted cooperation, Caucasus University not only strengthens academic ties with leading Chinese universities but also provides students and faculty with broad opportunities for international experience and cultural exchange.

Georgian Ambassador Paata Kalandadze Attended the Lanting Forum Event

October 27

On October 27, 2025, Georgia’s Ambassador Paata Kalandadze attended a meeting organized by the Lanting Forum on improving global governance. At the event, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivered a speech and introduced the Global Governance Initiative (GGI) proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping, which was presented in September 2025 at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) meeting.

The initiative is based on five key concepts: upholding sovereign equality, ensuring the supremacy of international law, adhering to the principle of multilateralism, adopting a people-centered approach, and focusing on action.

The Lanting Forum is a communication platform established on the initiative of China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, aimed at promoting dialogue among government officials, business representatives, academics, and media on foreign policy issues.

At the forum, Wang Yi noted that the GGI, or Global Governance Initiative, builds on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, reflects the traditions of Chinese diplomacy, embodies a vision of a shared future, and provides a pathway for the reform of global governance.

 

Shota Rustaveli University at Two International Theatre Festivals in China

October 23

On October 27, 2025, Georgia’s Ambassador Paata Kalandadze attended a meeting organized by the Lanting Forum on improving global governance. At the event, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivered a speech and introduced the Global Governance Initiative (GGI) proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping, which was presented in September 2025 at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) meeting.

The initiative is based on five key concepts: upholding sovereign equality, ensuring the supremacy of international law, adhering to the principle of multilateralism, adopting a people-centered approach, and focusing on action.

The World Theatre Education Alliance (WTEA), founded in 2016, brings together leading theatre schools and aims to promote the exchange of education and experience. As one of the founding members of the alliance, Shota Rustaveli University is participating in the festival for the fourth time.

In addition to the Beijing festival, from October 24 to November 2, the Georgian troupe will also take part in another major theatre event in China, the “Guilin Festival.”

Azerbaijan

Xinhua News Agency Interviews Director of the Food Safety Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan

October 20

Akbar Aliyev, Director of the Food Safety Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan, discussed the outcome of the agency delegation’s visit to China in an interview with Chinese News Agency Xinhua.

In an interview, Akbar Aliyev noted that this year, the visit of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, to China significantly strengthened bilateral relations. According to him, it was precisely within the framework of cooperation between the two countries that the Azerbaijani nut export was launched to “one of the largest markets in the world”, China.

Aliyev emphasized the signed protocol between the Food Safety Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the relevant Chinese institution concerning the export of hazelnuts and almonds to China. At the same time, he noted that ongoing dialogues with the Chinese side are taking place regarding products, including chicken, apples, and berries, with a view to expanding exports.

Delegation of the Azerbaijan Metrology Institute in China

October 20

Representatives of the Azerbaijan Metrology Institute, under the State Agency for Antimonopoly and Consumer Market Control, visited China on a working visit.

During the visit, the Azerbaijani delegation met with officials of the National Institute of Metrology of China.

During the meeting, the parties discussed the work directions and completed projects of the Azerbaijan Metrology Institute. Furthermore, the institutes explored the potential for cooperation in the field of Standard Reference Materials.

At this time, the parties discussed prospects for cooperation in implementing joint scientific and technical projects, training specialists, and organizing training programs.

Azerbaijan State Philharmonic at Shanghai International Arts Festival

October 21

According to information released by the Azerbaijan State News Agency, representatives of the Azerbaijan State Philharmonic, in coordination with the Baku State Chamber Orchestra, participated in the 24th Shanghai International Arts Festival. The agency reported that the orchestra’s performance was received enthusiastically by the audience.

Chinese Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth in Azerbaijan

October 21

On October 21, Li Renying, Deputy Secretary of the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, visited the Republican Seismic Survey Center of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences.

Li Renying expressed interest in cooperation in the field of seismological research. The representative of the Chinese delegation proposed an initiative to sign a memorandum of cooperation for bilateral relations and noted, “We hope that the signing of this document will have a positive impact on the close development of our bilateral cooperation.”

Baku Engineering University at the Summit in China
October 22

Baku Engineering University Vice-Rector for International Relations, Atraba Gul, participated in the “University Partners Summit Hangzhou 2025” held in the People’s Republic of China.

The summit, organized by Beihan University of China, had the goal of strengthening cooperation between universities.

During the Summit, the Vice-Rector of Baku Engineering University held meetings with representatives of Chinese partner universities and participated in roundtable discussions. During these meetings, they discussed prospects for potential cooperation, including teacher-student exchange programs, the establishment of dual-degree programs, joint scientific research and innovation projects, and more.

A meeting was held on strengthening economic relations with China

October 23

The delegation of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade visited Azerbaijan on a work visit. During the visit, the roundtable discussions were held between the Chinese delegation and the Azerbaijan Export and Investment Promotion Agency.

During the meeting, the Agency’s Deputy Executive Director, Tural Hajili, spoke about the dynamics of relations between Azerbaijan and China, specifically regarding investment projects of Chinese companies in Azerbaijan as well as trade activities between the two countries. Additionally, on their part, Wang Hongwei, Party Secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, noted that there is significant potential for expanding mutual trade and investment cooperation.

During the roundtable discussions, Chinese companies delivered presentations. At the conclusion of the meetings, both parties discussed the potential for future cooperation.

A meeting with Azerbaijani students continuing their studies in China

October 24

Within the framework of the Dual Diploma Program between Baku Engineering University and Beijing University of Chemical Technology, the first group of students from Azerbaijan will continue studying in China.

Last week, within the framework of a meeting held with Azerbaijani students from the aforementioned university, the educational process, students’ academic achievements, and their adaptation to the social environment were discussed.

It is noteworthy that this dual-degree program between Baku Engineering University and Beijing University of Chemical Technology is the first of its kind at the undergraduate level between Azerbaijani and Chinese universities. Under the program, students will receive education at both universities and obtain a dual diploma. The program comprises specialties in chemistry, computer engineering, and mechanical engineering. According to the Azerbaijan State News Agency, the admission capacity for the program is planned to be expanded in the coming years.

Armenia

Armenian Ambassador at the China-SCO Summit

October 24

Armenia’s Ambassador to the People’s Republic of China, Vahe Gevorgyan, took part in the “China-SCO Investment Cooperation Forum” held in Beijing. The event, organized jointly by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Secretariat and the China Overseas Development Association (CODA), brought together representatives from over one hundred Chinese companies across sectors, including digitalization, transportation, energy, agriculture, tourism, medicine, and finance.

During the forum’s “Ambassadors’ Dialogue” panel, Ambassador Gevorgyan presented Armenia’s economic landscape and investment climate, emphasizing the country’s strategic location, skilled workforce, and pro-business reforms designed to attract foreign investment. He outlined priority areas for cooperation, such as high-tech industries, renewable energy, agri-processing, tourism infrastructure, and transport connectivity.

Ambassador Gevorgyan noted that Armenia’s participation in platforms like the “China-SCO” Forum reflects Yerevan’s broader commitment to economic diversification and diplomacy – aligning with its efforts to deepen engagement with Asian economies while preserving ties with Western and regional partners.

In an earlier interview with CGTN, Ambassador Gevorgyan emphasized that Armenia’s diplomatic engagement with China and the SCO is grounded in long-standing relations and mutual trust. He stated: “We believe there is no limit to our cooperation.”  He also highlighted Armenia’s readiness to include China in connectivity- and infrastructure-oriented regional projects, reinforcing the idea that Yerevan seeks strategic partnerships beyond mere trade.  

Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan Exports $629.8 Million in Gas to China as Russia Displaces Turkmenistan in Supplier Rankings

October 21

Uzbekistan exported approximately $629.8 million worth of natural gas via pipeline to China during the January–September period of this year, according to TASS, citing the General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Russia has now taken the lead among suppliers of this resource to China, exporting $7.29 billion worth of gas. Turkmenistan, which for many years occupied the first place by a large margin, now ranks second, with its pipeline gas deliveries to China decreasing by 12.7% during the first nine months of the year, totaling $6.46 billion.

The Chinese Customs Administration has not published the physical volume of pipeline gas purchased from other countries in recent years. However, overall statistics from the PRC General Administration of Customs show that in 2024, China imported $21.1 billion worth of pipeline gas, an 8.6% increase compared to 2023.

Uzbekistan Launches International Phase of China-Based Digital Program

October 25

The next phase of the Seeds for the Future initiative — designed to support talented students with a strong interest in digital technologies — has officially commenced in Tashkent. The highlight: an invitation for Uzbek students to join the international training segment held in China.

Representatives from the Center for the Development of Digital Education, the Association for IT Education, university leadership, and alumni attended the launch. In his remarks, Center Director Azamat Eshonkulov emphasized the fast-paced growth of China’s digital economy and the rising demand for ICT specialists:

“In Uzbekistan, the digital economy is developing at a rapid pace, which increases the demand for qualified specialists. We are pleased to note the improvement in the educational level of our students and their growing interest in digital technologies, including through the participation of young people in global initiatives such as Seeds for the Future.”

Since 2008, the program, run by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., has engaged over 19,000 students from 142 countries and partnered with more than 500 universities worldwide. This year, ten students from six Uzbek universities have been invited to participate in the China-based international workshop, scheduled for October 19–25. During the week-long event in China, 150 students from 19 countries will engage in training on artificial intelligence, 5G communications, cloud technologies, and other modern IT disciplines.

Andijan to Build 200 MW Hydropower Plant in Partnership with Chinese Company

October 26

A new 200-megawatt hydropower plant is planned to be constructed in Andijan Region through a partnership between the regional government and China’s Sichuan Power Transmission & Transformation Construction company. The sides have agreed to implement a $500 million investment project that includes both the construction of the plant and the modernization of existing substations.

The agreement was reached during an official visit of the Andijan regional delegation to China, where they met with representatives of the Chinese company. According to the Andijan regional administration’s press service, the project aims to expand bilateral cooperation in the energy sector, introduce advanced technological solutions, and promote the development of renewable energy sources in the region.

Officials noted that the initiative will also contribute to upgrading the power grid, enhancing energy infrastructure, and improving environmental sustainability in Andijan.

For reference, Sichuan Power Transmission & Transformation Construction is one of China’s and the world’s leading companies in the field of electric power infrastructure and transmission systems.

China in the South Caucasus and Uzbekistan (October 20-26) Read More »

Meeting between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping in South Korea

Newswire, ერთი ახალი ამბავი / /

Following the meeting held on October 30, Donald Trump announced that he would sign a trade agreement with Chinese President Xi Jinping “very soon.” The meeting also covered the topic of reducing tariffs on Chinese imports. Trump told reporters that they agreed to lower the tariff on fentanyl imports from 20% to 10%. The level of tariffs imposed on Chinese products also dropped from 57% to 47%. It is noteworthy that the parties did not discuss Taiwan during the meeting.

Despite the fact that a trade deal was not signed after the meeting, a significant consensus on economic issues was reached during the meeting, including the resolution of disagreements related to rare earths. China announced that export control measures on critical minerals should be suspended for one year. In exchange for the tariff reductions, the Chinese side will purchase an “enormous amount” of American soybeans, which is a step forward for the US, as farmers were losing billions of dollars from crop sales to China due to trade disputes.

President Xi emphasized that “dialogue is better than confrontation.“ He called for deepening communication and named potential areas for cooperation:

  • Combating illegal immigration and telecommunication fraud
  • Money laundering
  • Artificial intelligence (AI)
  • Response to infectious diseases

The leaders also discussed the issue of Ukraine during the meeting. Trump and Xi Jinping agreed to cooperate to facilitate the end of the conflict.

The leaders agreed that they share a joint responsibility to address the complex problems facing the world.

Meeting between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping in South Korea Read More »

China’s Newest Refinery Ramps Up Russian Oil Imports Amid Sanctions

Newswire, ერთი ახალი ამბავი / /

China’s newly authorized Shandong Yulong Petrochemical refinery is dramatically increasing its imports of Russian crude oil in response to supply disruptions caused by Western sanctions. The refinery, with a processing capacity of 400,000 barrels per day, is expected to import 370,000–405,000 barrels of Russian crude in November – nearly double its previous intake from Russia. 

The increase in Russian crude comes after shipments from Middle Eastern and Canadian suppliers were canceled due to sanctions imposed by the UK and the EU in October 2025. 

The surge in imports reflects a broader trend among Chinese refiners seeking alternative sources in an unstable global energy market. Analysts note that while this strategy guarantees a steady feedstock supply and cost advantages, it also exposes Yulong to potential regulatory and geopolitical risks due to ongoing sanctions on Russian energy exports.

The increased Russian oil purchases underscore China’s determination to secure energy supplies among international uncertainty. For Russia, the arrangement provides a reliable outlet for its crude. The deal also highlights the growing energy dependence between China and Russia, with long-term implications for Eurasian energy trade flows.

The move may influence regional crude pricing, as Yulong’s increased demand for Russian grades could tighten supply elsewhere in Asia. Chinese refiners are reportedly taking advantage of favorable pricing for Russian barrels, allowing them to maintain refining margins even as global oil markets remain volatile.

While the arrangement ensures Yulong’s short-term operational stability, analysts caution that reliance on Russian barrels could create vulnerabilities if sanctions expand or shipping routes are disrupted.

Author: Nia Kokhreidze 

China’s Newest Refinery Ramps Up Russian Oil Imports Amid Sanctions Read More »

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